AI has become a universal corporate mandate, but a new global study from Tata Communications and Bloomberg Media Studios reveals a sharper question taking shape inside enterprises: AI investment is no longer in doubt, but the systems beneath it may not be built to carry it, at scale.
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According to Building Durable AI Advantage, a report sponsored by Tata Communications and produced in partnership with Bloomberg Media Studios, three in four enterprise leaders (77 per cent) now treat AI as a board-level priority. Yet 65 per cent are still operating on legacy or developing infrastructure not designed for the data intensity and integration demands of enterprise AI. Just 29 per cent say their infrastructure can scale with evolving business demands — a critical gap, given that AI workloads do not rise in a smooth line. They surge, shift across environments and place pressure on the weakest parts of the system.
The study, which surveyed 501 senior executives across North America, Europe and Asia at enterprises with revenues above $500 million, identifies five reinforcing systems — or “loops” — that determine whether AI investment compounds in value or plateaus over time. The loops span Foundation (infrastructure modernisation), Integration (interoperability across systems), Skills (capability distribution), Governance (decision velocity) and ROI (visibility of value). Enterprises can generate isolated gains even when a single loop is under strain. Lasting performance, however, depends on alignment across all five: when the loops reinforce one another, progress accelerates and advantages compound; when any one stalls, constraints spread and momentum weakens.
Where the constraints are building
The research finds pressure points emerging across each of the five loops:
- Foundation: Modernisation is uneven. Fewer than half of enterprises report fully modernised network connectivity, hybrid deployment flexibility or data architecture. Enterprises with advanced infrastructure are nearly twice as likely to report realising high business value from AI as those operating on legacy systems.
- Integration: 28 per cent of leaders cite difficulty integrating AI with legacy systems as a primary roadblock to value, while 38per cent say integration concerns contribute to delays in approval and procurement cycles. Two-thirds (67per cent) view the seamless blending of digital automation and human interaction across channels as critical to AI execution.
- Skills: 30 per cent of enterprises cite skill gaps and a shortage of specialised talent as a primary barrier to realising AI value. The pressure intensifies with scale — 45per cent of enterprises with revenues above $5 billion cite the skills gap, well above the study average.
- Governance: 42 per cent of enterprises identify security and compliance reviews as the largest source of approval delays, followed by integration concerns (38per cent) and procurement complexity (38per cent). As stakeholder committees grow for higher-value investments, governance risks becoming a brake on scale rather than a discipline that supports it.
- ROI: Nine in 10 enterprises see some value from modernisation initiatives, yet more than six in ten say they have not reached optimal outcomes. Part of the challenge is visibility — when AI, infrastructure and security are each tracked in isolation, the broader impact across the business stays hidden. Value looks contained inside individual programmes and reinvestment follows that narrower signal.
“AI has become one of the defining business priorities of our time, but the real differentiator is no longer AI itself — it’s the infrastructure and integration that enable AI to deliver value at scale,” Sumeet Walia, President & Chief Revenue Officer, Tata Communications, said. “Our research shows that while enterprise ambition is accelerating, readiness remains uneven. The organisations that will lead in the years ahead are those investing in the foundations that connect people, systems, data and intelligence across the enterprise.”
According to him, AI is a tightly coupled ecosystem of compute, power, connectivity and platforms, which are no longer independent systems – they are becoming one unified infrastructure. “AI is accelerating this convergence, which Tata Communications addresses through its digital fabric of solutions,” he remarks. “It is where we are uniquely positioned to enable customers to achieve their business goals.”
